Beneath the veneer of flashing lights and complimentary drinks, casinos stand on a bedrock of mathematics, engineered to slowly bleed patrons of their cash. For years, mathematically inclined minds have attempted to turn the tables on these rigged systems using the tools of probability and game theory. Some have succeeded, but most have failed.

Almost everyone has visited a casino at least once in their lifetime. Those who have not, are missing out on a unique form of entertainment and a chance to develop their skills in gambling. There are many different types of casino games, and each one has its own advantages. However, the most important thing to remember is that you should always bet within your budget and never play beyond it.

There are no hard figures available, but it is estimated that around 51 million people – or about a quarter of all adults over the age of 21 – visited a casino in 2002. Besides gambling, casinos also offer a variety of additional services such as floor shows and free drinks.

The house edge is the percentage of all bets that a casino will lose, as calculated by assuming optimal play in games where skill is involved, such as blackjack and video poker. In games where players do not compete against the house, such as poker, casinos earn money through a commission known as the rake. The house edge varies between games, and it is higher in some than in others.